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Génomes. --- Bio-informatique. --- Génomique --- Génétique. --- Méthodologie. --- Genome --- Genomics --- Gene Expression --- Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide --- genetics --- Genetica --- Génétique --- Génomes. --- Génomique --- Génétique. --- Méthodologie. --- Genetic Techniques. --- Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide - genetics --- Genetic Techniques --- Genomes. --- Genome Components. --- Molecular Probe Techniques. --- Génome. --- Composants de génome. --- Techniques de sonde moléculaire. --- Techniques génétiques.

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Bioinformatic integration of the findings from recent genomic and proteomic research has made possible the development of highly selective therapeutics that can target specific cellular pathways controlling cell proliferation, differentiation, metastasis, evasion of immune surveillance, angiogenesis, and apoptosis. In The Oncogenomics Handbook, a panel of internationally recognized researchers and clinicians provides an integrated overview of cancer drug discovery and development from the bench to the clinic, showing with broad strokes and representative examples the drug development process as a network of linked components leading from the discovered target to the ultimate therapeutic product. Following that path, the authors explain genomic databases and how to discover oncological targets from them, how then to advance from the gene and transcript to the level of protein biochemistry, how next to move from the chemical realm to that of the living cell and, ultimately, pursue animal modeling and clinical development. Emerging cancer therapeutics including rituximab, Herceptin®, Avastin™, ABGX-EGF, Velcade®, Iressa®, and Zevalin® are addressed. Additional chapters review clinical diagnostics, bioanalytics, and biomarkers and their importance to therapeutic outcome; detail antiangiogenic, supportive, immunomodulatory, and tumor-targeted approaches to cancer therapy; and provide a systems biology-bioinformatics overview of strategies and initiatives for the postgenomic era. Highlights include cancer genomics, transcriptomics, gene expression analysis, proteomic and enzymatic cancer profiling technologies, and cellular and animal approaches to cancer target validation. Authoritative and state-of-the-art, The Oncogenomics Handbook offers cancer researchers and drug developers a comprehensive update on the contribution of the genomic revolution to cancer drug discovery and development.

Cancer --- Oncogenes --- Genomics --- Proteomics --- Oncogènes --- Génomique --- Protéomique --- Genetic aspects --- Handbooks, manuals, etc. --- Aspect génétique --- Guides, manuels, etc. --- Cancer -- Genetic aspects -- Handbooks, manuals, etc. --- Genomics -- Handbooks, manuals, etc. --- Oncogenes -- Handbooks, manuals, etc. --- Proteomics -- Handbooks, manuals, etc. --- Genes, Neoplasm --- Diseases --- Biology --- Computational Biology --- Genes --- Biological Science Disciplines --- Genome Components --- Natural Science Disciplines --- Disciplines and Occupations --- Genome --- Genetic Structures --- Genetic Phenomena --- Phenomena and Processes --- Genetics --- Neoplasms --- Medicine --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Oncology --- Genome research --- Genomes --- Onc genes --- Cancers --- Carcinoma --- Malignancy (Cancer) --- Malignant tumors --- Research --- Medicine. --- Oncology. --- Medicine & Public Health. --- Tumors --- Clinical sciences --- Medical profession --- Human biology --- Life sciences --- Medical sciences --- Pathology --- Physicians --- Molecular biology --- Proteins --- Molecular genetics --- Cancer genes --- Proto-oncogenes --- Oncology  .

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Abnormal expression of MHC class I molecules in malignant cells is a frequent occurrence that ranges from total loss of all class I antigens to partial loss of MHC specific haplotypes or alleles. Different mechanisms are described to be responsible for these alterations, requiring different therapeutic approaches. A complete characterization of these molecular defects is important for improvement of the strategies for the selection and follow-up of patients undergoing T-cell based cancer immunotherapy.  Precise identification of the mechanism leading to MHC class I defects  will help to develop new personalized patient-tailored treatment protocols. There is significant new research on the prevalence of various patterns of MHC class I defects and the underlying molecular mechanisms in different types of cancer. In contrast, few data is available on the changes in MHC class I expression during the course of cancer immunotherapy, but the authors have recently made discoveries that show the progression or regression of a tumor lesion in cancer patients undergoing immunotherapy depends on the molecular mechanism responsible for the MHC class I alteration and not on the type of immunotherapy used. According to this notion, the nature of the preexisting MHC class I lesion in the cancer cell has a crucial impact on determining the final outcome of cancer immunotherapy. This SpringerBrief will present how MHC class 1 is expressed, explain its role in tumor progression, and its role in resistance to immunotherapy.  .

HLA histocompatibility antigens. --- Major histocompatibility complex. --- Cancer --- Major histocompatibility complex --- Immunomodulation --- Major Histocompatibility Complex --- Diseases --- Biological Therapy --- Genes --- Therapeutics --- Genome Components --- Genome --- Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment --- Genetic Structures --- Genetic Phenomena --- Phenomena and Processes --- Genes, MHC Class I --- Neoplasms --- Immunotherapy --- Medicine --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Oncology --- Immunological aspects --- Oncology. --- Immunology. --- Immunobiology --- Medicine. --- Cancer research. --- Molecular biology. --- Biomedicine. --- Cancer Research. --- Molecular Medicine. --- Life sciences --- Serology --- Tumors --- Clinical sciences --- Medical profession --- Human biology --- Medical sciences --- Pathology --- Physicians --- Health Workforce --- Molecular biochemistry --- Molecular biophysics --- Biochemistry --- Biophysics --- Biomolecules --- Systems biology --- Cancer research

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There are only few major key functions that lie beneath the fundamental architecture of metabolism and life. These are multiplication, variation and heredity. Only if these factors interact synergistically can Darwinian selection power the evolution of biodiversity. Transposable elements have always played a major role in this process. The genomes of all organisms consist of chromosomes that are built up of double-stranded nucleic acid chains on whose stability and integrity the existence of cells depend. While DNA repair warrants the chemical integrity of DNA and protects it from metabolic and environmental mutagens, meiotic recombination and transposable element activity appear to counteract the molecular guardians of genome stability. Transposable elements and their kind often make up the bulk of genomic DNA, often approaching 50% of the genome. By contrast, the classic genes represent as little as 1.8% of genomic DNA, in case of the human genome. This volume gives an overview on mobile DNA and how such contradiction to the obligatory stability of genomes can be understood. Obviously, an understanding can only be achieved by cutting deeply into the evolutionary history of life along with the evolution of transposable elements and dynamic genomes. This book therefore also celebrates Charles Darwin’s 200th birthday. The reader is challenged to view the role of movable DNA along historical roots from the levels of cells to populations to biological species integrating the accompanying molecular evolution of host, cell and genome interaction. One will witness even the reactivation of a long since dead, fossil transposable element and the infection of germline cells by the first established, mobile and endogenous insect retrovirus.

Genomes --Stability. --- Genomes. --- Molecular dynamics. --- Transposons. --- Transposons --- Genomes --- Molecular dynamics --- DNA Transposable Elements --- Interspersed Repetitive Sequences --- DNA --- Genome Components --- Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid --- Nucleic Acids --- Base Sequence --- Nucleic Acids, Nucleotides, and Nucleosides --- Genome --- Genetic Structures --- Chemicals and Drugs --- Molecular Structure --- Biochemical Phenomena --- Genetic Phenomena --- Phenomena and Processes --- Chemical Phenomena --- Biochemistry --- Genetics --- Biology - General --- Biology --- Chemistry --- Physical Sciences & Mathematics --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Stability --- Molecular genetics. --- Tn elements --- Transposable elements --- Life sciences. --- Human genetics. --- Biochemistry. --- Cell biology. --- Life Sciences. --- Biochemistry, general. --- Cell Biology. --- Human Genetics. --- Mobile genetic elements --- Molecular biology --- Cytology. --- Heredity, Human --- Human biology --- Physical anthropology --- Cell biology --- Cellular biology --- Cells --- Cytologists --- Biological chemistry --- Chemical composition of organisms --- Organisms --- Physiological chemistry --- Medical sciences --- Composition

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In his 1894 book, Materials for the Study of Variation, William Bateson coined the term Homoeosis with the following prose: The case of the modification of the antenna of an insect into a foot, of the eye of a Crustacean into an antenna, of a petal into a stamen, and the like, are examples of the same kind. It is desirable and indeed necessary that such Variations, which consist in the assumption by one member of a Meristic series, of the form or characters proper to other members of the series, should be recognized as constituting a distinct group of phenomena. ...I therefore propose...the term HOMOEOSIS...; for the essential phenomenon is not that there has merely been a change, but that something has been changed into the likeness of something else. The book was intended as a listing of the kinds of naturally occurring variation that could act as a substrate for the evolutionary process and Bateson took his examples from collections, both private and in museums, of materials displaying morphological oddities. Interestingly the person who also coined the term “Genetics” proffered little in the way of speculation on the possible genetic underpinnings of these oddities. It wasn’t until the early part of the next century that these changes in meristic series were shown to be heritable.

Homeobox genes. --- Homeobox genes --- Biological Evolution --- Genetic Processes --- Genes, Developmental --- Genes --- Biological Processes --- Genetic Phenomena --- Phenomena and Processes --- Genome Components --- Biological Phenomena --- Genome --- Genetic Structures --- Evolution, Molecular --- Genes, Homeobox --- Gene Expression Regulation --- Biology --- Medicine --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Genetics --- Pathology --- Homeo box genes --- Homeotic genes --- Medicine. --- Human genetics. --- Medical genetics. --- Biomedicine. --- Human Genetics. --- Biomedicine general. --- Gene Function. --- Clinical genetics --- Diseases --- Heredity of disease --- Human genetics --- Medical sciences --- Genetic disorders --- Heredity, Human --- Human biology --- Physical anthropology --- Clinical sciences --- Medical profession --- Life sciences --- Physicians --- Genetic aspects --- Health Workforce --- Biomedicine, general.